Displacement pump



H; F. M.- NEUMANN May 27, 1941.

DI SPLQCEMENT PUMP Filed Dec. 6, 1938 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTORI I]. ZZZ/Veumarn,

4 I f ATTORN EY y 1- H. F. M. NEUMANN 2,243,507

DISPLACEMENT PUMP I :i ATTORNE May 27, 1941.

H; F. M. NEUMANN DISPLACEMENT PUMP Filed Dec. 6,

1938 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 IN VENTOR 14/1 [Z EMA/ea nzann Patented May 27, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE DISPLACEMENT PUMP Herman Frederik Marcus Neumann, Mexico, D.-'F.",

Mexico Application December e, 1938; Serial No. 244,267

3 Claims.-

This invention relates to displacement pumps.

An object of the invention is the provision of a displacement pump using air as the displacing agent in which an increased economy in pumping is obtained.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a device capable of lifting liquids from any depth in drilled or deep wells with all of the moving parts located at the surface.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a device for forcing liquid from well deposits with facility regardless of limited space for the operation and regardless of crooked holes.

A. still further object of the invention is the provision of a displacement pump using compressed air as a displacing agent in which a valve is actuated automatically in accordance with the air pressure employed in the pump.

This invention will be best understood from a consideration of the following detailed description, in view of the accompanying drawings forming a part of the specification; nevertheless, it is to be understood that the invention is not confined to the disclosure, being susceptible of such changes and modifications which shall define no material departure from the salient features of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a vertical section of'a well showing my displacement pump applied thereto, the arrangement being more or less diagrammatically shown,

Figure 2 is a horizontal section taken along the line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a horizontal the line 33-of Figure 1,

Figure 4 is a horizontal section taken along the line 4--4 of Figure 1,

Figure 5 is a horizontal section the line 5-5 of Figure 1, V

Figure 6 is a longitudinalvertical section taken along the line 66 of Figure9,

Figure 7 is a vertical section taken along the line 1-7 of Figure 9,

Figure 8 is a vertical section taken along the line 8-8 of Figure 9,

Figure 9 is a Vertical section taken along the section taken along taken along lines-s of Figure 8,

Figure; 10 is a vertical section similar to the section shown in Fig. 9 but disclosing a modified form of the valve,

Figure. 11 is a longitudinal vertical section showing a proposed valve for controlling the admission of. atmospheric air. to the system, and

Figure 12 is avertical section taken alongthe line |2|2, of Figure 11.

Referring more particularly to the general arrangement shown in Figure l, designates awell tubingin whichis inserted a cylindrical casing 2| which is divided into two compartments 22 and 23 by means of a diametrically disposed partition 24 which extends the length of'the casing 2|. This casing is closed at the top, as shown at 25, and at the bottom as shown at 26. The bottom wall is provided with inlet ports 27 and 28 which are-controlled by valves 29 and 30, respectively.

A pipe 3| extends centrally of the casing 2| and passes throughthe top of the casing 2|. Itwill be notedfrom Figure 5 that the pipe is disposed intermediatethe side edges of the partition 24. The lower end of the pipe 3| is provided with two inlet pipes 32 and 33 and each inlet pipe has a closed bottom and each bottom is provided with an inlet port 34 or 35. These ports are closed respectively by, means of valves 36 and 37. It will be noted that the port 34 is in communication with the chamber 22 while the port isin communication with the chamber 23 of the casing 2|. The pipe 3| extends upwardly'from the well casing 20. and projects above the ground and. is provided with a discharge end' 40 for delivering the liquid to a.

storage tank (not shown). oil, water, or brine.

A pipe 4| leads from the chamber 22'of the casing 21 and is connected with an automatic switch valve casing, generally designated by the numeral 42. A pipe extends from the upper end-of the chamber 23-to the switch valve casing. A pressure pipe 441 extends from the switch valve The liquid may be casing to an air compressor, generally designated 'by the numeral 45. A suction pipe 46 connects the casing 42 with the suction side of the air compressor 45.

The casing 42 has a hollow cylindrical chamber 41, as shown in Figs. 6, '7 and 9, in which is mounted a cylindrical valve 48'. This valve has an arcuately-shaped'passage 49 adapted to connect at times thepressure pipe 44 with the pipe 43 and a curved passage at times the pipe 4| with the suction pipe 46. At other times thecurved passage 49 is adapted toconnect the pipe. 43- with the pipe 46 while at thesame time; the curved passage connects the pipe44 with the pipe 4|, as will be presently explained. g

A lever 5| is connected by means of a bolt 52 to one, end of the valve 48 and an adjustable.

50 adapted to connect 7 The cross head 51 is connected at 68 with a piston rod 6| connected to a piston 62 mounted for reciprocation within a cylinder 63. One end of the cylinder, as shown at 64, is provided with an opening to permit the air to enter and to leave the cylinder according to the direction or movement of the piston 62. The opposite end of the cylinder is connected, as shown at'65, with v a pipe 66 in communication with the pipe 43.

A piston rod 61 is connected to a piston 68 at one end slidably mounted in a cylinder 69 and at the other end to the cross head 51. The cylinder 69 is provided with an opening 18 to permit the entrance of air thereinto when the piston 68 is moved to the left hand position of Fig. 6, and to permit the escape of air from the cylinder 69 when the piston is moved to the right hand position. The opposite end of the cylinder is connected by a pipe 18 with a pipe 1| which opens directly into the pipe 4|.

A pipe 12 connects the pipe 4| with a cylinder 13 in which is mounted for reciprocation a piston 14 carrying a stem 15. A washer 16 is located at the outer end of the stem and engages one endof a spring 11. The other end of the spring engages a washer 18 which is maintained upon the outer end of the cylinder 13 by means of a cap 19. The spring 11 tends to maintain the piston 14 outwardly from the valve 48. A gasket 88 is mounted on the piston 14 and engages the inner walls of the cylinder 13. An air dis-charge port BI is formed in the lower end of the cylinder 13 to permit the discharge of air when the piston 14 moves inwardly towards the valve 48. piston 14 is provided with a tripping lug. 82 which is adapted to be received within a passage 83 formed in the valve casing 42 and in a pocket 84 in the valve 48 for maintaining the valve in one position of adjustment.

A pipe 88 connects the pipe 43 with a cylinder 81 projecting outwardly from the valve casing 42 and formed integrally therewith. This cylinder has a discharge port 88 at its inner end to permit the escape of air during the inward movement of a piston 89 slidably mounted in the cylinder 81. This piston is limited inits outward movement by means of a washer 98 mounted upon the outer free end of the cylinder 81 and being held in position thereon by means of a cap 9| threaded on the outer end of the cylinder. This piston is provided with a washer 92 engaging the inner walls of the cylinder 81. A coil spring 93 embracesa stem 94 connected with the piston 89. The inner end of the spring rests upon the washer 98 while the opposite end engages a washer held in place by nuts 95 threaded upon'the outer ends of the stem 94.

A tripping lug 96 is carried by the free end of the piston 89 and is adapted to be received within a passage 91 formed in the valve casing 42. This lug is adapted to be received at times by the pocket 84.

The: valve 48 is provided with a central passage I88 which is adapted to receive a suitable lubricant which finds its way through the restricted passages I8I formed radially of the valve 48. These passages connect with grooves I82 formed at the outer wall of the valve 48 so that the lubricant will find its way to the surface of the valve 48 and the inner wall of the valve casing 42. The lubricant is supplied through the open end of the axial passage I88 and a plug I83 normally maintainsthe passage closed.

It will be noted that one end of the cylindrical valve 48 is provided with shoulders I84 which are adapted to engage the outer ends of the casing 42-and the annular flange or shoulder I84 maintained in contact with the casing when the valve 52 is drawn up tight so that the disc I85 will likewise engage the outer end of the valve casing 42.

A modified form of the valve shown in Fig. 9 is disclosed in Fig. 10 in which the valve 48 is comically-shaped and engages conically-shaped walls of a valve casing 42*. This provides for a neat fitting between the valve 48 and the casing 42.

A thrust washer I86 is engaged by one end of a coil spring I81 held in place by means of a cap I88 threaded at I89 onto the outer end of the valve casing 42 A thrust bearing H8 is located between the washer I86 and the outer end of the valve 48*. All of the other parts of the valve and casing are identical with the construction shown in Figs. 6 to 9, inclusive.

Stops IIII I2 are placed at diametrically opposite points to engage respectively lugs H3 and H4 formed on the valve 48. This limits the movement of the valve when rocked so that the valve ports will be properly aligned. The stops II I and I I2 are formed integrally with the valve casing 42 as shown in Fig. 9.

In order to furnish the apparatus the necessary quantity of air after a standstill and also to replace the air which might become lost during pumping, the compressor is equipped with an automatic valve which maintains the exact quantity of air required to sustain the necessary pressure within the circuit.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 11 and 12 it will be seen that a pipe I28 is connected with the pressure pipe 44. Upon the inner end of the pipe I2 is screwed a cap I2I provided with a plug I22 for supporting one end of a coil spring I23 which embraces a valve stem I24. vA piston I25 is mounted upon that end of the stem I24 which is located in the pipe I20- and is engaged by the other end of the coil spring I23 tending to elevate the valve stem I24. A collar I26 is secured to the stem I24 and engages the outer face of the cap I2I for "limiting-the upward movement of the stem. a

A valve casing I38 is connected with a pipe I3I which is in communication with the suction pipe 46 of the compresser 45. The casing I38 is provided with an inlet passage I32 which is in direct communication with the atmosphere. The valve I33 is connected to the lower end of the stem I24 and is slidably' mounted in the casing I38. This valve is provided with a plurality of passages I34 which are adapted to be alined with'passages I35 formed on the inner wall of the casing I38 so that air may be drawn from the atmosphere directly into the pipe I3I and into the pipe I 46 as will be presently. explained. As long as the spring I23 can maintain the piston I25 in its uppermost position with the collar I26 in engagement with the cap |2|, the valve I33 will remain in open position. However, when the pressure in the pipe 44 is sufificient it will overcome the tension-of the spring I23 and move the piston I25 inwardly for closing the valve I33.

The suction line, represented by the pipe 46, at times will be under a. pressure higher than atmospheric but no air will escape because the valve I48 co-operating with the member I in the pipe |3| will prevent the escape of air since the valve I48 admits only air into the suction line 46 but prevents a flow of air from the suction line.

The operation of my device is as follows. The compressor 45 injects air by way of the pressure pipe 44, the switch valve casing 42, the pipe 4| into the chamber 22. When the air pressure in the chamber is sufficiently high to overcome the pressure of the fluid column in the pipe 3|, the liquid column in said pipe is moved upwardly by the pneumatic pressure acting on the surface contained in the chamber 22 and is thus forced outwardly.

If the air thus injected by the compressor is taken from the chamber 23 by way of the suction pipe 46, the switch valve 48 and the pipe 43, the pressure of the air in this chamber is reduced and when brought down to that of atmospheric it permits the liquid now entering the chamber 23 through the inlet valve 31 to take the same level as the liquid outside of the chambers 22 and 23.

The compressor working and feeding from the volume of air contained in the chamber 23 creates a partial vacuum in this chamber, thus permitting the liquid exposed to the action of the atmospheric pressure outside of the chamber to keep flowing into said chamber and thus the liquid in said chamber rises to a higher level until it has reached its maximum level. When this happens the next stroke or strokes of the compressor piston rarifies the air enclosed in the chamber 23 still more and the vacuum thus created allows the spring 93 to react upon the stem 94 and the piston 89, thus pulling the tripping lug 96 out of the pocket 84. In the same moment the tripping lug 98 releases its hold on the valve 48, the air pressure acting in the cylinder 69 upon the piston 68 moves it to its right hand position. This action is transmitted to the rod 54 which turns the valve 48 ninety degrees so that this valve will be in such position as to receive the tripping lug 82 in the pocket 84. In this position the valve 48 causes communication between the pressure pipe 44 and the pipe 43. At the same time the suction pipe 46 is placed in communication with the pipe 4|, thereby giving free passage to the compressed air from the chamber 22 to the chamber 23 through the suction pipe 48, compressor 45 and the pressure pipe 44. The compressor being in action now absorbs the air from the chamber 22 and compresses said air in the chamber 23. In this manner the second part of the working cycle develops until the vacuum created in chamber 22 causes the switch valve to work whereby it will return to its first position and the order of flow of air is then reversed. The automatic valve I33 acts at all times to maintain the proper quantity of air in the system in order to maintain the necessary pressure.

The valve 48 is shown in positions in Figs. 6 and 7 for supplying pressure to the chamber 23 while creating suction in the chamber 22 so that the liquid from the well will rise in'the chamber 22 past the valve 29 until it reaches its maximum level.

In the position of. the valve 48 shown in Figs. 6 and '7, it will be seen that the pipe 4| has been placed in communication with the pipe 46 so that the pipe 4| is now under suction and liquid from the well will be drawn into the chamber 22. The

cylinder 89 is likewise under suction and. the piston 88 will be retained against movement because of the fact that the valve 481s held in place by the lug 82 seated Within the pocket 84. As soon, however, as the suction in the cylinder 69 and the pipe 72 becomes sufiiciently great to permit the spring I! to move the piston 74 outwardly, lug 82 will be released from the pocket 84 of the valve 48 to permit the piston 88 to be drawn by suction in the cylinder 89 and thereby rotate the valve 48 and likewise the weighted lever 5 I. Pressure, however, is being exerted on the piston 89 and on the piston 82, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7.

Since the valve 48 has been released for rocking movement the piston 82 will be moved longitudinally of the cylinder 63, thereby rocking the lever 5| and moving the valve 48 to such a position that the suction pipe 4| will be placed in communication with the pipe 44. On the other hand, the pipe 43 will be placed in communication with the pipe 46. In other words, pressure will then be exerted in chamber 22 while suction will take place in the chamber 23.

It will be seen by this construction that the valve 48 is automatically operated and its operation depends upon the degree of suction created in either of the chambers 22 or 23 and the amount of pressure exerted.

I claim:

1-. A displacement pump comprising a compressor, a casing divided into a pair of chambers, valves in the bottom of the chambers for controlling the flow of liquid to said chambers, a liquid outlet for said chambers, a pressure pipe and a suction pipe extending from the compressor, pipes extending from the respective chambers, a valve casing comprising the junction of all of said pipes, a single valve in the casing for connecting the pressure pipe and the suction pipe alternately with the pipes extending from the chambers, means for operating said valve and including cylinders, a piston in each cylinder, a lever attached to the valve, means connecting the pistons with the lever, pipes connecting one side of the pistons with a pipe leading to the chamber so that said pistons are affected by either suction or pressure depending upon the position of the valve.

2. A displacement pump comprising a compressor, a casing divided into a pair of chambers, valves in the bottom of the chambers for controlling the ilow of liquid to said chambers, a liquid outlet for said chambers, a pressure pipe and a suction pipe extending from the compressor, pipes extending from the respective chambers, a valve casing comprising the junction of said pipes, a single valve in the casing for connecting the pressure pipe and. the suction pipe alternately with the pipes extending from the chambers, means acted on alternately by the pressure and suction of the compressor for causing alternate actuation of the valve, the valve having a pocket, lugs adapted to alternately engage the pocket for retaining the valve in an operative position, and means acted on by pressure valve casing and carrying a lever, a pair of pistons having a common piston rod, means connecting the rod medially of its ends to said lever,

the unified movement of the pistons causing turning of the valve, a pair of cylinders containing the respective pistons, and pipes connecting the ends of the cylinders farthest from each other to the respective pressure and suction pipes thus to directly influence the pistons by pressure and suction.

HERMAN FREDERIK MARCUS NEUMANN. 

